Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *ns- <PIH *H->

Meaning: mud, silt

Hittite: hanzana- 'schwarz'

Old Indian: ásita-, f. asiknī `dark-coloured, black'

Old Greek: ási-s, -ios f. `Schlamm, Unrat'

Russ. meaning: грязь, ил

References: Tischler 157.

Proto-IE: *nug-er/n-

Meaning: bone, skeleton

Baltic: *nug-ar-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *kniuk-a- m., *kniuk-ōn- f., *knuk-an- m., *knuk-il-a- m.

Russ. meaning: кость, хребет

References: Fraenkel 510 (different in Pok.)

Comments: In Germ. a contamination with *knukōn- (to knock, etc.).

Proto-IE: *nū

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: now

Hittite: nu 'nun; und' (Friedrich 152)

Tokharian: A nuṃ, nunak, B nano, nänok (PT *nuno, -kä) 'again, even' (Adams 330); A nu, B no (PT *nū) 'however, but' (Adams 347)

Old Indian: nū, nu `now'; nū́tana- `new, recent', nūnám `now, at present'

Avestan: nū 'nun'; nūrǝm, nūrąm 'jetzt, nun'

Other Iranian: OPers nūra 'jetzt, nun'

Old Greek: part. nü, nün encl., adv. `nun', adv. nǖ̂n `jetzt'

Slavic: *nъ, *nū, *nɨ̄́nē

Baltic: *nū, *nu

Germanic: *nu, *nū; *nu-x

Latin: num `nun noch, nun jetz'; nunc `jetzt, nun'

Russ. meaning: сейчас, ныне

References: WP II 340

Proto-IE: *obh

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: prep./adv.: by

Slavic: *ob(ъ)

Germanic: *bhī̆

Latin: ob

Russ. meaning: у, об

Proto-IE: *(o)bhel-

Meaning: to sweep

Armenian: avelum `ich fege'

Old Greek: ophéllō `fegen', óphelma n. `Besen', ópheltron = kálüntron Hsch., opheltréu̯ō `fegen'

Russ. meaning: подметать

References: WP I 178

Proto-IE: *obhr-

Meaning: intense (emotion)

Germanic: *abr-a- adj.

Celtic: OIr ōbar, uabar `Übermut', ōmon, uamon `Furcht'; Cymr ofer `eitel', ofn `Furcht', Bret euver `(goût) fade; paressieux, négligent'

Russ. meaning: сильный (об эмоции)

References: WP II 177 f (different in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *(o)bhrū-

Meaning: eyebrow; edge

Tokharian: A pärwāṃ, B pärwāne (PT dual. *pärwāne) 'brows' (Adams 374)

Old Indian: OInd bhrū́- f., acc. bhrúv-am `eyebrow, brow'

Avestan: brvat- f. (du.) 'Brauen'

Other Iranian: NPers abrū, barū 'Brauen'

Old Greek: ophrǖ̂-s, -ǘos f. `Augenbraue; erhöhtes Rand, Hügelrand'

Slavic: *brɨ̄, gen. *brъve; *obrɨ̄, gen. *obrъve; *brъvьkā

Baltic: bruw-i-s f., *bru-n-a- c., *bru-n-ia- c.; *breun-ā̂

Germanic: *brū-, *brū-n=; *brē(x)w=; *brū-n=

Celtic: OIr acc. pl. forbru, gen. pl. forbrū `supercilia', MIr du. gen. brūad, brōi, brä nom. du. f. `Brauen'; OIr brū `Rand, Ufer', bruach (zweisilbig, mit -*ako-)

Russ. meaning: бровь; край, бровка

References: WP II 196, 206 f

Proto-IE: *od-

Meaning: to smell

Armenian: hot `Duft, Geruch'

Old Greek: ózdō, pf. ódōda `riechen, duften', odmǟ́, osmǟ́ f. `Duft, Geruch'

Slavic: *ādātī ( > Czech jadati, badati `forschen, untersuchen', Pol badać)

Baltic: *ō̂d- (-ja-) (2) vb. tr.

Germanic: *ṓs=

Latin: odor (OLat odōs), -ōris m. `Geruch', odefacio (jünger olfacio) `rieche, wittere', oleō/olō, -uī, -ēre/-ere `riechen, duften'

Albanian: amɛzɛ `Geruch, bitterer Geschmäck', amë `unangenehmer Geruch'

Russ. meaning: пахнуть, нюхать

References: WP I 174

Proto-IE: *od- <PIH *H->

Meaning: to hate

Hittite: hatuka-/-i- `schrecklich, furchtbar' (Tischler 227-228)

Armenian: ateam `ich hasse', ateli `verhasst, feindlich'

Old Greek: ep. odǘs(s)asthai̯, odüsthē̂nai̯, pf. odṓdüstai̯ `zürnen, grollen', oudǘetai = erízei Hsch.

Germanic: *at-al-a-, *at-ul-a-, *at-ug-a- adj.

Latin: ōdiō, ōdī, ōsus `Widerwillen haben, hassen', odium, -ī n. `Widerstreben, Hass; Gegenstand des Hasses, Ekel'

Russ. meaning: ненавидеть

References: WP I 174 f

Proto-IE: *odegʷ-

Meaning: growth, sprout, pivot

Old Indian: ádga- m. `cane'

Baltic: *ōdeg-ā̂ f.

Celtic: OIr odb `Knoten'; Cymr oddf `Auswuchs, Knoten'

Russ. meaning: нарост, побег, стержень

References: WP II 175

Proto-IE: *oghl-

Meaning: heap

Old Greek: ókhlo-s m. `(ungeordnete, bewegte) Menschenmenge, (gemeiner) Volkshaufe, grosse Masse, Gedränge', pl. `Volksmassen, Leute'; `Beunruhigung, Störung, Beläsigung'; okhléō `in (rollende) Bewegung setzen, wegwälzen'

Baltic: *agl-u- adj.

Russ. meaning: куча

References: WP I 41

Proto-IE: *ogʷh-

Meaning: snake, lizard

Tokharian: B auk 'snake, serpent' (Adams 129-130)

Old Indian: áhi- m. `snake'

Avestan: aži- 'snake'

Armenian: ōʒ, auʒ, gen. -i (< *ogʷhj-o-s) `Schlange'

Old Greek: óphi-s, -ios/-eōs m. `Schlange'

Germanic: *ag(w)i-ɵaxs-iō(n-) f. (*ɵaxsu-z `badger')

Russ. meaning: жаба (змея/ящерица)

References: WP I 63 f

Proto-IE: *oigh-

Meaning: to go, to come

Armenian: ēǯ `Abstieg', iǯanem, aor. ēǯ `herabkommen, herabsteigen', pl. iǯavankh `Gasthaus', iǯavor `Gast'

Old Greek: ói̯khomai̯, ft. oi̯khḗsomai̯, pf. ṓi̯khōka, ṓi̯khēka, med. ṓi̯khēmai̯ `(weg)gehen, sich entfernen, verschwinden, sterben', oi̯khnéō `gehen, kommen, wandern, nahen'; íkhnos n. `Fusstapfe, Spur, FGährte, Sohle'

Baltic: *eĩg-ā̂ f.

Celtic: Ir oegi `Gast'

Russ. meaning: идти, приходить

References: WP I 102 f

Proto-IE: *oin-, *(w)ein-

Meaning: num.: one

Old Greek: ói̯nǟ f. (Achae.+), ôi̯no-s m. (cod. oi̯nós) Poll. 'the ace on dice'; oinízdei = tò monázdein katà glō̂ssan Hsch.

Slavic: *īnъkъ, *jed-īnъ, -ьn-

Baltic: *weîn-a- (2), *ain-a-

Germanic: *ain-a-

Latin: ūnus, -a, -um 'ein(s)

Celtic: OIr ōin

Russ. meaning: один

References: Fraenkel 1239 f

Proto-IE: *oit-

Meaning: oath

Germanic: *áiɵ-a- m.

Latin: ūtor, ūsus, ūtī `mache von etwas Gebrauch, wende an, Geniesse'

Other Italic: Osk úíttiuf `ūsiō', Paelign oisa `ūsa'

Celtic: OIr ōeth `Eid'

Russ. meaning: клятва

References: WP I 96 (differently in Pok.)

Proto-IE: *oiw-o-

Meaning: law, custom

Old Indian: éva- m. `course, way; earth, world', dur-éva- `ill-disposed, malignant'

Germanic: *aiw-a- m., n., *aiw-ō(n-) f.

Russ. meaning: закон, обыковение

References: WP I 102 f

Proto-IE: *ok(')-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sharp

Old Greek: ókri-s m. `Spitze, scharfe Kante, Ecke', okrí-bās `erhöhter Platz, Gerust, Tribüne'; oksǘ- `scharf, stechend', óksos n. `Weinessig'

Germanic: *áxw-al-a- m.

Latin: ocris, -is m. `steiniger Berg'; mediocris, -e `mittelmässig, nicht sehr gross; unbedeutend; gemassigt, genügsam', medioximus `der mittelste'; ?? ocrea f. `Beinschiene'

Other Italic: Umbr ukar, ocar `arx, mōns'

Celtic: MIr ochar `Ecke, Rand', Cymr ochr, ochyr `Rand'; *okulēnā: OCymr ocoluin `cos', NCymr agalen, hogalen; *hākulēnā: NBret higolen `Wetzstein'

Russ. meaning: острый

References: WP I 28 f

Proto-IE: *ok-, *oket- <PIH *o-)

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to furrow, harrow; harrow

Hittite: akkala- c. `Furche' -- oder: akkala- c. 'tiefgehender Pflug' (so Benveniste HIE, otherwise Kronasser EHS 172, Tischler 9-10)

Old Greek: *oksínǟ ~ -ī́- f.?: oksína 'harrow' Hsch.ж ógmo-s m. `Schwad, Reihe abgemähten Grases oder Getreides; Streifen Land, das abgemäht oder auf andere Weise bearbeitet wird oder werden soll; Ackermass'

Baltic: *ak-ē̂t-iā̃ f., *ak-ē̂t-ia- c., *ak-ē̂- vb.

Germanic: *ag-íɵ-ō f., *ag-ja- vb.

Latin: occa f. `Egge'

Celtic: OCymr ocet, NCymr oged `Egge', Corn ocet `Egge', Bret ogued `Egge'

Russ. meaning: борона

References: WP I 26 f

Proto-IE: *oks-

Meaning: ash-tree

Armenian: hachi `a k. of ash-tree'

Old Greek: oksǘǟ f. `Buche, Fagus silvatica; Speerschaft (aus Buche), Speer'

Germanic: *ask-i- c., *ask-iō f.

Albanian: ah, pl. -e `beech' (*oskā)